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dwarfed enamel - ترجمة إلى العربية
OUTER TOOTH TISSUE
Tooth Enamel; Dental enamel; Dental enamel proteins; Toof enamel; Teeth enamel; Substantia adamantina; Enamel of teeth; Eroded tooth enamel
![s2cid=205776755 }}</ref> The [[National Institutes of Health]] include a dental exam in the diagnostic protocol of [[celiac disease]].<ref name=NIHCDdiagnosis />](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Enamel celiac.jpg?width=200 "s2cid=205776755 }}</ref> The [[National Institutes of Health]] include a dental exam in the diagnostic protocol of [[celiac disease]].<ref name=NIHCDdiagnosis />")
![The effects of [[bruxism]] on an anterior tooth, revealing the dentin and pulp which are normally hidden by enamel](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Topviewtooth.jpg?width=200 "The effects of [[bruxism]] on an anterior tooth, revealing the dentin and pulp which are normally hidden by enamel")
dwarfed enamel
ميناءٌ مُقَزَّم:تَشَوُّهٌ مينائِيّ, ميناءٌ مُتَقَزِّم
dwarfed enamel
ميناءٌ مُتَقَزِّم
ENAMELLER
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![DRU factory]], popular in the 1950s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/2008-08-17 grijs gewolkt.JPG?width=200 "DRU factory]], popular in the 1950s")
![The [[Dunstable Swan Jewel]], a [[livery]] badge in [[ronde bosse]] enamel, about 1400. British Museum](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/British Museum -Dunstable Swan Jewel -side cropped close.jpg?width=200 "The [[Dunstable Swan Jewel]], a [[livery]] badge in [[ronde bosse]] enamel, about 1400. British Museum")
![Chinese [[cloisonné]] enamel bronze wine pot, 18th century](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chinese - Wine Pot - Walters 44569 - Side (cropped).jpg?width=200 "Chinese [[cloisonné]] enamel bronze wine pot, 18th century")
![moriage}} to slightly raise the design; [[Khalili Collection of Japanese Art]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Khalili Collection Japanese Meiji Art E83.jpg?width=200 "moriage}} to slightly raise the design; [[Khalili Collection of Japanese Art]]")
![An [[agate]] mortar and pestle is used to finely grind vitreous enamel powder, mixed with a volatile oil, such as [[lavender oil]], to produce enamel paints for artistic work.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mortar-agate hg.jpg?width=200 "An [[agate]] mortar and pestle is used to finely grind vitreous enamel powder, mixed with a volatile oil, such as [[lavender oil]], to produce enamel paints for artistic work.")
![Medallion of the [[Death of the Virgin]], with basse-taille enamel, partly fallen away](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PlacaDormicion MAN.JPG?width=200 "Medallion of the [[Death of the Virgin]], with basse-taille enamel, partly fallen away")
![Staffordshire Moorlands Pan, 2nd-century [[Roman Britain]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Staffordshire Moorlands Pan (1284837406).jpg?width=200 "Staffordshire Moorlands Pan, 2nd-century [[Roman Britain]]")
![painted Limoges enamel]] dish, mid-16th century, attributed to [[Jean de Court]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Waddesdon bequest British Museum DSCF9814 05.JPG?width=200 "painted Limoges enamel]] dish, mid-16th century, attributed to [[Jean de Court]]")
![Chinese]] dish with scalloped rim, from the [[Ming Dynasty]]; early 15th century; [[cloisonné]] enamel; height: 2.5 cm, diameter: 15.2 cm](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/明早期 掐絲琺瑯菱花口碟-Dish with scalloped rim MET DT7072 (cropped).jpg?width=200 "Chinese]] dish with scalloped rim, from the [[Ming Dynasty]]; early 15th century; [[cloisonné]] enamel; height: 2.5 cm, diameter: 15.2 cm")
![chasse]] used to hold holy oils; most were [[reliquaries]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Box holy oils Louvre OA6935.jpg?width=200 "chasse]] used to hold holy oils; most were [[reliquaries]].")
![Silver, silver gilt and painted enamel beaker, [[Burgundian Netherlands]], c. 1425–1450, [[The Cloisters]], nyc](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Silver, silver gilt and painted enamel beaker, Burgundian Netherlands, c. 1425-1450, The Cloisters.JPG?width=200 "Silver, silver gilt and painted enamel beaker, [[Burgundian Netherlands]], c. 1425–1450, [[The Cloisters]], nyc")
![The [[Royal Gold Cup]] with ''basse-taille'' enamels; weight 1.935 kg, [[British Museum]]. [[Saint Agnes]] appears to her friends in a vision.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/British Museum Royal Gold Cup.jpg?width=200 "The [[Royal Gold Cup]] with ''basse-taille'' enamels; weight 1.935 kg, [[British Museum]]. [[Saint Agnes]] appears to her friends in a vision.")
![Limoges? grisaille painted [[Stations of the Cross]], Notre-Dame-des-Champs, Avranches](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Normandie Manche Avranches3 tango7174.jpg?width=200 "Limoges? grisaille painted [[Stations of the Cross]], Notre-Dame-des-Champs, Avranches")
![St. [[Gregory the Great]] in painted Limoges enamel on a copper plaque, by Jacques I Laudin](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Musée Châlons-St Grégoire edit 3.jpg?width=200 "St. [[Gregory the Great]] in painted Limoges enamel on a copper plaque, by Jacques I Laudin")
![A freehand enameled painting by [[Einar Hakonarson]]. ''In the forest,'' 1989](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Enamel 2.jpg?width=200 "A freehand enameled painting by [[Einar Hakonarson]]. ''In the forest,'' 1989")
![''[[Louis George]]'' enamel watch dial](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Louis George Feuer-Emaille-Zifferblatt 01.jpg?width=200 "''[[Louis George]]'' enamel watch dial")
MATERIAL MADE BY FUSING POWDERED GLASS TO A SUBSTRATE BY FIRING
Enamelware; Enamelling; Vitreous Enamel; Porcelain Enamelling; Porcelain enamel; Enamelwork; Enamel Miniature; Enamel miniature; Enamelist; Enameling; Painted enamel; Enamel painting; Enamel (glass); Enameller
ألاسم
مِينَى
ويكيبيديا
Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many other animals, including some species of fish. It makes up the normally visible part of the tooth, covering the crown. The other major tissues are dentin, cementum, and dental pulp. It is a very hard, white to off-white, highly mineralised substance that acts as a barrier to protect the tooth but can become susceptible to degradation, especially by acids from food and drink. Calcium hardens the tooth enamel. In rare circumstances enamel fails to form, leaving the underlying dentin exposed on the surface.
